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Depression Database: Genetic Factors: Transporters: SLCO1C1 (solute carrier organic anion transporter family, member 1C1)

SLCO1C1 (solute carrier organic anion transporter family, member 1C1)

Other Symbols:

OATP-F, OATP1, OATP1C1, OATPRP5, SLC21A14

Disease relevance:

This gene belongs to the organic anion transporter family. It is a thyroid hormone transporter found at the blood-brain barrier. Polymorphisms in the gene, especially OATP1C1-intron3C > T and the OATP1C1-C3035T, are related [...] http://digg.com/u1Ujew

Depression Database: Genetic Factors: Transporters: SLC6A4 (solute carrier family 6 (neurotransmitter transporter, serotonin), member 4)

SLC6A4 (solute carrier family 6 (neurotransmitter transporter, serotonin), member 4)

Other Symbols:

5-HTT, 5-HTTLPR, 5HTT, HTT, OCD1, SERT, hSERT

1) Disease relevance:

This gene belongs to the sodium:neurotransmitter symporter family and is incharge of transporting the neurotransmitter serotonin from synaptic spaces to presynaptic neurons. It is an important regulator of the serotonergic [...] http://digg.com/u1UXwT

Depression Database: Genetic Factors: Transporters: SLC6A3 (solute carrier family 6 (neurotransmitter transporter, dopamine), member 3)

SLC6A3 (solute carrier family 6 (neurotransmitter transporter, dopamine), member 3)

Other Symbols:

DAT, DAT1

1) Disease relevance:

This gene is a dopamine transporter. It belongs to the sodium- and chloride-dependent neurotransmitter transporter family. Variations in the gene are linked to idiopathic epilepsy, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, dependence on alcohol and cocaine, and susceptibility to [...] http://digg.com/u1UHxc

Depression Database: Genetic Factors: Transporters: SLC6A2 (solute carrier family 6 (neurotransmitter transporter, noradrenalin), member 2)

SLC6A2 (solute carrier family 6 (neurotransmitter transporter, noradrenalin), member 2)

Other Symbols:

NAT1, NET, NET1, SLC6A5

Disease relevance:

This gene is a member of the sodium:neurotransmitter symporter family. It is involved in the regulation of norepinephrine homeostasis and central nervous monoaminergic homeostasis. It is one of the primary targets of many antidepressants. Dysfunction [...] http://digg.com/u1UE85

Depression Database: Genetic Factors: Transporters: SLC18A1 (solute carrier family 18 (vesicular monoamine), member 1)

SLC18A1 (solute carrier family 18 (vesicular monoamine), member 1)

Other Symbols:

CGAT, VAT1, VMAT1

Disease relevance:

The vesicular monoamine transporter helps gathering cytosolic monoamines into vesicles. It is critical to the normal function of the monoaminergic systems that have been associated with human neuropsychiatric disorders. Its substrates include important drugs such as reserpine and tetrabenazine. GWA studies [...] http://digg.com/u1Tsib

Depression Database: Genetic Factors: Transporters: ABCA13 (ATP-binding cassette, sub-family A (ABC1), member 13)

ABCA13 (ATP-binding cassette, sub-family A (ABC1), member 13)

Other Symbols:

DKFZp313D2411, FLJ16398, FLJ33876, FLJ33951

Disease relevance:

This gene is belongs to the ABC gene subfamily A (ABCA) and is a lipid transporter gene. It is found to be a candidate gene in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and depression (Knight et al., 2009).

Sample size:

100 cases with [...] http://digg.com/u1TsiZ

Inflammation Database: genes: AGT (angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8))

AGT (angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8))

[ANHU, FLJ92595, FLJ97926, SERPINA8]

- Hyperglycemia may be related to the adverse renal effects of angiotensin II (AII). In the kidney, the glomerular mesangial cell is the main target of AII action. Glucose augments angiotensin II-induced proinflammatory gene expression in human mesangial cells (Naito et al., 2009). AII [...] http://digg.com/u1Rh2n

Inflammation Database: genes involved in inflammation: AGER (advanced glycosylation end product-specific receptor)

AGER (advanced glycosylation end product-specific receptor)

[DAMA-358M23.4, MGC22357, RAGE]

- This gene belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily of cell surface molecules (RefSeq, 2010). Higher oxidant stress and inflammation (OS/infl) have been associated with aging-related diseases and advanced glycation end products (AGEs). AGE receptor-1 (AGER1) is an antioxidant and can reduce OS/infl. Reduction of AGEs in normal diets [...] http://digg.com/u1RbjN

Inflammation Database: genes involved in inflammation: ADORA3 (adenosine A3 receptor) – ADRB3 (adrenergic, beta-3-, receptor)

ADORA3 (adenosine A3 receptor)

[RP11-552M11.7, A3AR, AD026, bA552M11.5]

This gene is a member of the family of adenosine receptors. They are G-protein-coupled receptors that are involved in intracellular signaling pathways. This gene mediates a sustained cardioprotective effect during cardiac ischemia. It is associated with the inhibition of neutrophil degranulation in neutrophil-mediated tissue injury.  (RefSeq, 2010)

Over-expression [...] http://digg.com/u1RVfH

Inflammation Database: genes involved in inflammation: ADIPOR1 (adiponectin receptor 1) – ADORA2A (adenosine A2a receptor)

ADIPOR1 (adiponectin receptor 1)

[ACDCR1, CGI-45, CGI45, FLJ25385, FLJ42464, PAQR1, TESBP1A]

The adiponectin receptors, ADIPOR1 and ADIPOR2 mediate elevated AMPK and PPAR-alpha ligand activities, as well as fatty acid oxidation and glucose uptake by adiponectin (OMIM, 2010). In patients with chronic hepatitis C (HCV), adiponectin was found to be linked to steatosis only in males [...] http://digg.com/u1RP4G

Inflammation Database: genes involved in inflammation: ADIPOQ (adiponectin)

ADIPOQ (adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing)

[ACDC, ACRP30, ADIPQTL1, ADPN, APM-1, APM1, GBP28, adiponectin]

Total and high-molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin are correlated with markers of insulin secretion and insulinemia, endothelial function, and inflammation (Fargnoli et al., 2010).

HMW adiponectin has been found to contribute to the renal inflammation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (Song et al., [...] http://digg.com/u1QodT

Inflammation Database: genes involved in inflammation: ADAMTS13 – ADCYAP1

ADAMTS13 (ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif, 13)

[C9orf8, DKFZp434C2322, FLJ42993, MGC118899, MGC118900, TTP, VWFCP, vWF-CP]

ADAMTS13 activity was found to decline with the extent of inflammatory responses (Bockmeyer et al., 2008). Systemic inflammation results in the deficiency of ADAMTS13, and such effect activates hemostasis. Thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) is one of the sequelae of sepsis. [...] http://digg.com/u1Pm5I

Inflammation Database: genes involved in inflammation: ADA – ADAMTS10

ADA (adenosine deaminase)

Adenosine elimination on human airway epithelia is mediated by proteins including adenosine deaminase 1 (ADA1), concentrative nucleoside transporter (CNT)2, and CNT3 (Hirsh et al., 2007). These proteins are important regulators of adenosine-mediated inflammation. The study of pediatric patients with chronic hypoxia having cardiac surgery showed significant elevation in plasma adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity [...] http://digg.com/u1PeRc

Inflammation Database: genes involved in inflammation: ABCB1 – ACP5

ABCB1 (ATP-binding cassette, sub-family B (MDR/TAP), member 1)

[ABC20, CD243, CLCS, GP170, MDR1, MGC163296, P-GP, PGY1]

In inflamed intestinal epithelium (IE) of patients with gastrointestinal disorders, MDR1 expression is significantly lower (Blokzijl et al., 2007). Reduced MDR1 levels may aggravate inflammation in the intestines.

Related diseases: Crohn’s disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC), diverticulitis, collagenous colitis.

Reference:

Blokzijl, H., Vander Borght, [...] http://digg.com/u1Nsjb

Stroke: symptoms, types, risk factors, and prevention

What is stroke: symptoms, types, and risk factors

Stroke is one of the leading causes of death in the US. Stroke is also called a “brain attack.” Similar to heart attack, stroke happens when the blood flow to part of the brain is blocked. The brain cells may be damaged or die when they cannot get [...] http://digg.com/u1N1ba

Hypertension: diagnosis, risk factors, and prevention

What is hypertension: symptoms, diagnosis, and risk factors

Only about half of people having hypertension are treated, and more than 30 percent of those who have hypertension do not know it. The force of blood against vessel walls is blood pressure. When the heart contracts, the blood pressure measured is called systolic pressure. When the heart [...] http://digg.com/u1MtsP

Heart disease: symptoms, diagnosis, risk factors, and prevention

What is heart disease: symptoms, diagnosis, and risk factors

Heart disease is the first leading cause of death in the US, accounting for about 500,000 sudden deaths each year. It is also called coronary artery disease. Heart disease is caused by the accumulation of fatty deposits, the cholesterol plaque in the coronary arteries. Coronary arteries bring [...] http://digg.com/u1Mt0T

Gum disease, gingivitis, and periodontitis: symptoms and prevention

What is gum disease: symptoms and related factors

Gum disease is also called periodontal disease. It is caused by the accumulation of plaques between the gums and teeth. The plaques are sticky substances containing bacteria. Gingivitis is a mild gum disease with swollen and red gums that may bleed easily, often accompanied with bad breath.

Gingivitis is [...] http://digg.com/u1Mn6P

Gout: symptoms, types, and prevention

What is gout: symptoms and types

Gout is a type of arthritis that may show symptoms as intense and burning pain, stiffness, and tenderness in joints which are hot, red, and swollen. It can usually be seen in joints with osteoarthritis. Gouts may occur when the kidney is abnormal in excreting uric acid, which is generated [...] http://digg.com/u1Mj4J

Fibromyalgia: symptoms, factors, and prevention

What is fibromyalgia: symptoms and factors

Millions of Americans are affected by fibromyalgia, a condition of chronic aching, pain, and tenderness in muscles and other soft tissues in the neck, back, shoulders, arms, hips, and thighs. The pain can be moderate or severe, and interfere with common daily activities. However, fibromyalgia does not lead to problems [...] http://digg.com/u1MWbs

Heartburn and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD): the symptoms, diagnosis, and prevention through diets, herbs, and lifestyles

What is heartburn and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD): the symptoms and diagnosis

Heartburn is the abnormal condition that stomach acid flows back into esophagus, the muscular tube from the mouth to the stomach. In normal conditions, there is a muscular valve at the bottom of the esophagus called the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) that keeps substances [...] http://digg.com/u1MVi9

Gallstones: the symptoms, diagnosis, risk factors, prevention, and treatment

What are gallstones: the symptoms and diagnosis

The gallbladder stores bile, which is produced by the liver to help digest fat. The contents in bile include water, salt, cholesterol, and bilirubin. Bilirubin is a pigment that makes stools look brown. Bile is released into the small intestine after eating. Gallstones are tiny stones formed from hard [...] http://digg.com/u1MQ36

Fatigue: symptoms, causes, and prevention

What is fatigue: symptoms and causes

Fatigue is a feeling of lingering tiredness, lack of energy, and difficulties in concentration. Short-term fatigue, the feeling of tiredness after stressful events is normal and can recover quickly. Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is long-term fatigue that lasts more than 6 months, characterized with exhaustion and flu-like symptoms such as [...] http://digg.com/u1MHQV

Diabetes: symptoms, factors, and prevention

What is diabetes: symptoms, types, and risk factors

Diabetes is one of the leading causes of death in the US. Diabetes is the disease with high levels of blood-glucose of more than 200mg/dl. During digestion, the body converts carbohydrates from the starches and sugars in the foods into glucose. Glucose is the sugar that the body [...] http://digg.com/u1MAlZ

Depression: the symptoms, factors, and prevention

What is depression: the symptoms and factors

More than 10 million Americans have the problem of depression. Depression may range from a mild problem to a serious life-threatening disease. Most people may experience certain degrees of depression for some time in their lives. The symptoms of depression include continuous loss of energy, feelings of sadness and [...] http://digg.com/u1M5KZ

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS): the symptoms, factors, and prevention

What is irritable bowel syndrome: the symptoms and factors

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is the most common problem of the digestive system in the US, influencing more than 10 percent of people. It is also called spastic colon. It is the spasms of the intestines shown as irregular bowel habits, alternating bouts of constipation and diarrhea, [...] http://digg.com/u1M4KR

Diarrhea: the symptoms, causes, and prevention

What is diarrhea: the symptoms and causes

Symptoms of diarrhea include frequent loose or watery stools, usually more than three times a day, sometimes with bloody stools if it is serious. Other symptoms include abdominal cramps and pain, nausea, or even fever. Viral or bacterial infections are the common cause of diarrhea. The process of diarrhea [...] http://digg.com/u1Lms6

Constipation: the symptoms, causes, and prevention

What is constipation: the symptoms and causes

Constipation is the problem that stools are hard, dry, small, and difficult to pass. In healthy people, normal bowel habits vary from three times a day to three times a week. Constipation occurs when the normal pattern changes with infrequent bowel movements. Other symptoms include incomplete elimination of stools, [...] http://digg.com/u1Lhow

What is glaucoma: the symptoms, types, and risk factors

Although millions of Americans have glaucoma, many of them do not know. Glaucoma may cause blindness. However, it is preventable. The fluid pressure in the eyeball is called intraocular pressure. If the intraocular pressure is too high, it may block the blood flow to the optic nerve and damage the nerve. Before the problem occurs, [...] http://digg.com/u1LcQn

Cataracts: the symptoms, risk factors, treatment, and prevention

What are cataracts, the symptoms, risk factors, and treatment

About 50 percent of people between 50 and 64 have cataracts, and this number increases to about 100 percent in those over 75. Cataracts are cloudy areas in the eye lens. The eye problem develops slowly, as the light is obstructed or distorted, resulting in opaque of [...] http://digg.com/u1LW8Q

Skin cancer: the types, symptoms, risk factors, and prevention

What is skin cancer: the types, symptoms, and risk factors

The rates of skin cancer are increasing the US in recent years. Most skin cancers occur on the face, neck, chest, ears, and arms. This may be because when people spend less time outdoors in the sun, they are less accustomed to ultraviolet (UV) light. The [...] http://digg.com/u1LT0o

Lung cancer: symptoms, risk factors, and prevention

Symptoms and risk factors of lung cancer

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death. At early stages, there are usually no symptoms. Symptoms during later stages include cough, phlegm, blood sputum, wheezing, shortness of breath, chest pain, persistent lung infections, fatigue, and weight loss.

About twenty percent of lung cancers are fast growing and spreading, [...] http://digg.com/u1LFYU

Colorectal cancer: symptoms, diagnosis, risk factors, and prevention

What is colorectal cancer, the symptoms, and diagnosis

Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in the US. It is the cancer of the large intestine, including the colon and rectum. It usually begins with a polyp, which may grow into a malignant tumor over five to ten years. About half of colon [...] http://digg.com/u1LAjp

Avoid risk factors from foods and diets for cancer prevention

Healthy dietary habits are crucial for cancer prevention. More than 40 percent of all cancers may be related to dietary or nutritional factors. Fat intake, especially animal fat, has been considered one of the most important risk factors of cancers, especially cancers of the colon, rectum, kidney, breast, uterus, and prostate. Fat may be a [...] http://digg.com/u1KD4o

What is cancer: categories, early signs, and risk factors

Categories of cancer

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the US and accounts for about 25% of all deaths. Cancer is a malignant disease caused by unlimited reproduction of abnormal cells, which form tumors, disturb normal physiological functions and destroy normal tissues.

Cancer cells can develop their own blood vessels and take nutrients away [...] http://digg.com/u1K4Kt

What is breast cancer: symptoms, risk factors, diets, nutrition, and prevention

Symptoms

Beast cancer is the second cause of cancer deaths in American women (the first cause is lung cancer). In women between the age of 40 and 55, it is the leading cause of cancer deaths. Although it rarely happens, it can occur in men too. It can grow slowly or spread to lymph nodes and [...] http://digg.com/u1Jyhh